According to Canada's Food Guide, one can use food labels to "compare products more easily; determine the nutritional value of foods; and help you choose a product with more or less of a particular nutrient". They usually have 13 nutrients listed as these are what "consumers, health professionals and scientists consider important to the health of Canadians".
For the healthy minded individual food labels provide an opportunity to focus ones attention on healthy eating by comparing products more easily and determine the nutritional value of foods to help one manage their weight.
Before you go off and start getting label crazy, it is important to know how much of the various nutrients you should be taking in. For example, based on the USDA Food Pyramid, when it comes to sodium the daily recommended serving for individuals aged 9-50 is 1500 mg/day; for sugar, the rule of thumb is less than 22 grams/day (6tsp's/day) and for fat the value is approximately 53 grams/day.
For more information on food labels, check out this great article by Laura Bofinger from sparkpeople.com:
http://www.sparkpeople.com/resource/nutrition_articles.asp?id=145
Image from Canada's Food Guide
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